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The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:34
The people took their dough. They probably regarded dough as more convenient for a journey than flour, and so made their flour into dough before starting; but they had no time to add leaven. Their kneading-troughs. This…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:35
The children of Israel did according to the word of Moses. See above, Exodus 11:2. They borrowed. On this mistranslation, see the comment upon Exodus 3:22. It is plain that the gold and silver articles and the raiment,…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:36
So that they lent unto them such things as they required. Rather, "So that they granted them what they asked." They spoiled the Egyptians. See the comment on Exodus 3:22, ad fin. The result was that the Israelites went…
Matthew Henry on Exodus 12:37-42
The children of Israel set forward without delay. A mixed multitude went with them. Some, perhaps, willing to leave their country, laid waste by plagues; others, out of curiosity; perhaps a few out of love to them and t…
Departure of the Israelites. (b. c. 1491.)
DEPARTURE OF THE ISRAELITES. (B. C. 1491.) Here is the departure of the children of Israel out of Egypt; having obtained their dismission, they set forward without delay, and did not defer to a more convenient season. P…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:37-40
The exodus as a fact in history. The exodus from Egypt lay at the foundation of the national life of Israel. It appears in the history as a supernatural work of God. The subsequent legislation assumes it to have possess…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:37-39
EXPOSITION THE DEPARTURE. There are, no doubts, great difficulties in conceiving the departure on one day, from one place, of "six hundred thousand that were men, beside children." The difficulty is increased when we fi…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:37
From Rameses. It has been doubted whether this "Rameses" is the same place as the "Raamses" of Exodus 1:11. But the doubt scarcely seems to be reasonable. The two words differ only in the pointing. Brugsch has clearly s…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:37-38
In the departure of the Israelites from Egypt, after they had received permission to set out, two things are principally remarkable: 1. All were of one mind—none hung back; 2. A mixed multitude cast in their lot with th…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:38
The mixed multitude. The mass of this mixed multitude which left Egypt with Moses, would consist of foreign settlers in the Delta, victims, like the Hebrews, of the tyranny of the Pharaohs, and, like them, glad to take…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:38
A mixed multitude went up also with them. Kalisch supposes that these strangers were native Egyptians, anxious to escape the tyranny of the kings. Canon Cook suggests that they were "remains of the old Semitic populatio…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:39
Unleavened cakes. Some of the modern Arabs make such cakes by simply mixing flour with water, and attaching flat circular pieces of the dough thus formed to the sides of their ovens after they have heated them. (Niebuhr…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:40
The sojourning of the children of Israel, which dwelt in Egypt. Rather, "Which they sojourned in Egypt." Four hundred and thirty years. Literally "thirty years and four hundred years."
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:40-43
The Exodus. View it in three lights. I. AS AN EMANCIPATION OF SLAVES. God is the sworn foe of the slave-holder. Only in a very modified sense was slavery tolerated in Israel; and the laws were such as gradually to under…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:40-42
God's discipline of his chosen ones. I. THE TRIALS OF GOD'S PEOPLE APE SEVERE, BUT HAVE A JOYFUL END AT LAST, The sojourn in Egypt was from first to last an affliction (Genesis 15:13). It was only on account of the fami…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:40-42
EXPOSITION The narrative of the departure from Egypt is followed, not unnaturally, by a notification of the length of the sojourn, which is declared to have been a space of four hundred and thirty years. In the "Introdu…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:41-50
Passover precepts realised in Christian practice. The precepts were:— I. THAT NO UNCIRCUMCISED STRANGER, NOT EVEN THOUGH A HIRED SERVANT IN A HEBREW FAMILY, SHOULD EAT OF IT. Formally, baptism corresponds to circumcisio…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:41
The self-same day … all the hosts went out. The setting forth upon the journey is regarded as the "going out"—not the actual exit, which was only effected by the passage of the Red Sea.
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:42
It is a night to be much observed. We must suppose that some of the Israelites actually commenced their march before the night was over, being "hastened" by the Egyptians (Exodus 12:33), and having all things in readine…
Matthew Henry on Exodus 12:43-51
In times to come, all the congregation of Israel must keep the passover. All that share in God's mercies should join in thankful praises for them. The New Testament passover, the Lord's supper, ought not to be neglected…
Directions Concerning the Passover. (b. c. 1491.)
DIRECTIONS CONCERNING THE PASSOVER. (B. C. 1491.) Some further precepts are here given concerning the passover, as it should be observed in times to come. I. All the congregation of Israel must keep it, Exodus 12:47. Al…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:43-51
EXPOSITION SUPPLEMENTARY ORDINANCE WITH RESPECT TO THE PASSOVER. The position of these verses is curious. We should have expected them to have followed immediately on Exodus 12:20, or else to have been reserved for the…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:43
This is the ordinance of the passover—i.e; "This is the law, in respect of the persons who are to partake of it"—there shall no stranger eat thereof, or literally, "No son of a stranger shall eat thereof." By a "strange…
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 12:43-51
The spirit of the Passover ordinance. The features to be specified reappear in the Lord's Supper. The ordinance was— I. EXCLUSIVE. (Exodus 12:43, Exodus 12:45, Exodus 12:48.) A stranger, an uncircumcised person, and a h…