Cleanliness a religious duty.
The Law of Moses may be regarded as fourfold—moral, ritual, civil, and sanitary. The precepts in this paragraph are an example of the last-named part thereof. They refer to the inculcation of cleanliness, both in camp and in person. And not only so, but to the observance thereof in time of war. While, perhaps, at such times special evils would result from the neglect of such regulations, yet, on the other hand, it would be precisely when movements were irregular, uncertain, and attended with much excitement, that there would be the strongest tendency to fail in their observance. But no amount of war-pressure would be any excuse for uncleanliness. We get here, moreover, an illustration of that which so often occurs in the Law of Moses, viz. that duties of the lowest, humblest, and most common order are urged on the people by the highest and noblest sanctions; and many a teacher may find reason for urging to cleanliness of habit from such a text as Deuteronomy 23:14, "The Lord thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp … therefore shall thy camp be holy." The precise application of the text must, of course, vary with locality and circumstance; but the principle of it includes the following.
1. The presence of the Lord God is everywhere.
2. He is in the "camp" of his people as a special light and guard.
3. Hence every such home may be regarded as a temple of God, the palace of the Great King.
4. In such homes the most menial acts may be acts of service done for God; common work may be dignified by great motives.
5. It will be regarded by a wise Christian man as a part of his duty which is by no means to be neglected, to maintain order and unsullied cleanliness in person and home. This will be part of his life-worship—the living translation of "laborare est orare." This duty needs special enforcement in some quarters. Many a humble Christian cottager elevates his home and all therein, by having it so beautifully clean that, on every piece of furniture, on every wall, on every floor, it seems as if the words were graven, "Holiness to the Lord."
Israel's land a refuge for the oppressed.
(For "the Mosaic treatment of slavery, see Homily on Deuteronomy 15:12-18.) To the features of his legislation thereon this must be added that, as soon as ever a foreign slave set foot on Hebrew soil, he was free. Israel's land was for him the land of liberty!
Unholy wealth may not be put to Divine uses.
(See Homilies on Deuteronomy 15:1-6; Deuteronomy 14:22-29.) The same law which regulates the appropriation of wealth rightfully gained forbids me dedication to any holy use of wealth sinfully gained.
The opposite working of like principles.
The difference here permitted between lending to brethren and to strangers resembles that allowed in Deuteronomy 15:1-6 (see Homily thereon).