THE FIRST ADDRESS consists mainly of expostulation and complaint. Israel has not called on God "in truth and righteousness" (Isaiah 48:1). They have had "necks of iron" and "brows of brass" (Isaiah 48:4).
God has given them prophecies of different kinds (Isaiah 48:3-7); yet they have neither "heard" nor "known;" they have "dealt treacherously" and been "transgressors from the womb" (Isaiah 48:8). God might justly have "cut them off" for their rebellion, but he has "deferred his anger," and "refrained" himself—not, however, for Israel's sake, but for his own honour.