The Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour. The word translated rigour is a very rare one. It is derived from a root which means "to break in pieces, to crush." The "rigour" would be shown especially in the free use of the stick by the taskmaster, and in the prolongation of the hours of work.
Bible Commentary
Exodus 1:13
The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:13
The Pulpit Commentary · Joseph S. Exell and contributors · Public domain
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The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:1-22Exodus 1:1-22 · The Pulpit CommentaryThe prosperity of Israel. This prosperity was not a mere appearance, nor a passing spurt of fortune. It was a deep, abiding, and significant reality. Nor was it something exaggerated in order to make an excuse for the c…The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14Exodus 1:7-14 · The Pulpit CommentaryHere the real narrative of Exodus begins. The history of the Israelites from and after the death of Joseph is entered on. The first point touched is their rapid multiplication. The next their falling under the dominion…The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14Exodus 1:7-14 · The Pulpit CommentaryIsrael in Egypt. The life of a people, like that of an individual, to a great extent shaped by circumstances. In Canaan the Israelites might learn hardihood, but no room for much growth; few opportunities for national o…The Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14Exodus 1:7-14 · The Pulpit CommentaryEXPOSITIONMatthew Henry on Exodus 1:8-14Exodus 1:8-14 · Matthew Henry Concise CommentaryThe land of Egypt became to Israel a house of bondage. The place where we have been happy, may soon become the place of our affliction; and that may prove the greatest cross to us, of which we said, This same shall comf…Matthew Henry on Exodus 1:8-14Exodus 1:8-14 · Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole BibleThe land of Egypt here, at length, becomes to Israel a house of bondage, though hitherto it had been a happy shelter and settlement for them. Note, The place of our satisfaction may soon become the place of our afflicti…
commentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:1-22The prosperity of Israel. This prosperity was not a mere appearance, nor a passing spurt of fortune. It was a deep, abiding, and significant reality. Nor was it something exaggerated in order to make an excuse for the c…Joseph S. Exell and contributorscommentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14Israel in Egypt. The life of a people, like that of an individual, to a great extent shaped by circumstances. In Canaan the Israelites might learn hardihood, but no room for much growth; few opportunities for national o…Joseph S. Exell and contributorscommentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14Here the real narrative of Exodus begins. The history of the Israelites from and after the death of Joseph is entered on. The first point touched is their rapid multiplication. The next their falling under the dominion…Joseph S. Exell and contributorscommentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:7-14EXPOSITIONJoseph S. Exell and contributorscommentaryMatthew Henry on Exodus 1:8-14The land of Egypt became to Israel a house of bondage. The place where we have been happy, may soon become the place of our affliction; and that may prove the greatest cross to us, of which we said, This same shall comf…Matthew HenrycommentaryMatthew Henry on Exodus 1:8-14The land of Egypt here, at length, becomes to Israel a house of bondage, though hitherto it had been a happy shelter and settlement for them. Note, The place of our satisfaction may soon become the place of our afflicti…Matthew HenrycommentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:8-22The policy of Pharaoh. I. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE POLICY. This is indicated in Exodus 1:9, Exodus 1:10. It was a policy of selfish fear, proceeding upon an unconcealed regard for the supremacy of Egypt. Whatever interfered…Joseph S. Exell and contributorscommentaryThe Pulpit Commentary on Exodus 1:8-14Egypt's sin. I. NATIONAL WRONG-DOING THE SEED OF NATIONAL DISASTER. The story of Egypt's suffering begins with the story of Egypt's injustice. There was wisdom in Pharaoh's statesmanship, and a sincere desire to serve h…Joseph S. Exell and contributors